ʻO New Jersey, USA-ʻO ka hōʻike noiʻi mākeke shingle asphalt he haʻawina kikoʻī o ka ʻoihana shingle asphalt, e loea ana i ka hiki ke ulu o ka mākeke shingle asphalt a me nā manawa kūpono i ka mākeke. Loaʻa ka ʻikepili noiʻi lua mai nā puke paʻi aupuni, nā nīnauele loea, nā loiloi, nā anamanaʻo, a me nā puke pai hilinaʻi. Ua hala nā ʻikepili i hoʻopaʻa ʻia he ʻumi mau makahiki, a laila ua hana ʻia kahi loiloi ʻōnaehana e hana i ka noiʻi hohonu e pili ana i nā mea hoʻohuli i ka mākeke shingle asphalt.
ʻO ka nui o ka mākeke o nā shingle asphalt i ka makahiki 2020 he US$6.25604 biliona, a ke manaʻo ʻia nei e hōʻea i ka US$7.6637 biliona ma ka makahiki 2028, me ka nui o ka ulu makahiki he 2.57% mai 2021 a i 2028.
ʻO nā ʻōpala ʻasphalt kahi ʻano ʻōpala pā a hale paha e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻasapala no ka pale wai. ʻO ia kekahi o nā uhi hale i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau ma muli o kona kumukūʻai mua haʻahaʻa a me ke kau ʻana maʻalahi. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻelua mau substrates e hana i nā ʻōpala ʻasphalt, nā mea organik a me nā olonā aniani. Ua like nā ʻano hana o nā mea ʻelua. Uhi ʻia kekahi a i ʻole nā ​​ʻaoʻao ʻelua me ka ʻasapala a i ʻole ka ʻasapala i hoʻololi ʻia, ua hoʻopiha ʻia ka ʻili i hōʻike ʻia me ka slate, schist, quartz, vitrified brick, stone] a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​ʻāpana keramika, a mālama ʻia ka ʻili lalo me ke one, ka pauka talcum a i ʻole mica. , I mea e pale ai i nā ʻōpala mai ka pipili ʻana kekahi i kekahi ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana.