Mtunduphula la asphaltndi mtundu watsopano wa shingle zofolerera madzi chinsalu chopanda madzi chopangidwa ndi zinthu zodzipatula, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi ulusi wagalasi womwe umamveka ngati thupi la tayala ndikuviika ndi phula wapamwamba kwambiri wosinthidwa. Sizingokhala ndi mitundu yolemera, mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yowala komanso yokhazikika, yomanga mosavuta ndi zina, komanso imakhala ndi ntchito zabwino zopanda madzi, zokongoletsa, ndi zinthu zatsopano zokongoletsera zopanda madzi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padenga lotsetsereka kunyumba ndi kunja. Ndi yoyenera padenga lopanda madzi ndi malo otsetsereka kuposa 20 °.

Pano pali kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane wa zoyambira zikuchokeramiyala ya asphalt:

(3) Tinthu tating'ono ting'onoting'ono: mtundu wa ore particles pamwamba pa asphalt shingle ukhoza kuteteza phula kuchokera ku kuwala kwa dzuwa, kupanga phula kukhala kosavuta kukalamba, kuwonjezera moyo wautumiki wa matailosi, kulemeretsa mtundu wa mankhwala, ndi kupititsa patsogolo kukana kwa moto kwa matayala a padenga.

(4) Zomatira zodzisindikizira: kumbuyo kwa matailosi amtundu wa asphalt okhala ndi tepi yodzimatira. Pambuyo pazitsulo zamtundu wa asphalt zitayikidwa padenga, zodzikongoletsera zidzatsegulidwa pansi pa kuwala kwa dzuwa, zomwe zimabweretsa kukhuthala, kotero kuti ma shingles apamwamba ndi otsika a asphalt amalumikizana molimba, kuonetsetsa kuti denga likhale lolimba.

(5) Kudzaza zinthu (mchenga wabwino): miyala yamchere imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Zinthu zodzaza zili ndi ubwino wambiri pa denga la denga. Ikhoza kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yopanda madzi ya mankhwala, kuchepetsa kutentha kwa nyengo ndi kusungunuka kwa matailosi a padenga, ndi kuchepetsa mtengo wa mankhwala.

https://www.asphaltroofshingle.com/estate-grey-laminated-asphalt-roof-shingle.html