Iingenelo zethayile ye-asphalt enezitebhisi ezimbini kuphuhliso lwexesha elizayo lweshishini lokhenketho, izixhobo zenkqubo yophahla zihlala zineendlela ezahlukeneyo, kwaye iimfuno zezixhobo zokwakha uphahla ziphezulu nangakumbi. Uhlobo lwezinto zophahla lunokufumana iindlela ezahlukeneyo, ezinokuthiwa zibalulekile. Ngaphezu koko, ukusebenza kokukhupha amanzi kunye nobushushu bophahla kuyaphucuka. Iingenelo zethayile ye-asphalt: ineemilo ezahlukeneyo kunye noluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa. Okwesibini, ubushushu. Okwesithathu, ukukhanya okuthwele umthwalo wophahla, kukhuselekile kwaye kuthembekile. Okwesine, ulwakhiwo lulula kwaye iindleko ezipheleleyo ziphantsi. Okwesihlanu, ihlala ixesha elide kwaye ayinaxhala lokuqhekeka.

Kwixesha eliphakathi nelisekupheleni koBukhosi baseNtshona Zhou, iithayile zazisetyenziswa kakhulu; Kwixesha eliphakathi nelisekupheleni koBukhosi baseMpuma Zhou, abantu babeqalile ukwenza iipatheni ezahlukeneyo ezintle phezu kwethayile zokuhombisa; Kwixesha eliphakathi koBukhosi baseNtshona Han, kwenziwe inkqubela ebonakalayo kubuchwepheshe bokwenza iithayile, kangangokuba ithayile yetyhubhu enethayile ejikelezayo yenziwe lula ukusuka kwiinkqubo ezintathu ukuya kwinkqubo enye, kwaye umgangatho wethayile nawo waphucuka kakhulu, obizwa ngokuba yi "Qin brick and Han tile". Iithayile zihlala zinemisebenzi yokungangeni manzi, ukugquma ubushushu, ukugquma isandi, ukugcinwa kobushushu, ukugquma kunye nokuhombisa. Iithayile zodongwe zazisetyenziswa kakhulu ekuqaleni, kwaye emva koko kwaphuhliswa iithayile ezifakwe iglasi, iithayile ze-celadon, iithayile ze-asbestos, iithayile zesamente, iithayile ze-resin ezenziweyo, iithayile zentsimbi enemibala kunye neethayile ze-asphalt.

Inzuzo yethayile ye-asphalt enezikhonkwane ezimbini kukuyilungisa ngokuqinileyo ithayile ye-asphalt ngezikhonkwane. Lonke ibala lomaleko wesithathu wethayile ye-asphalt kufuneka linqunyulwe, elidityaniswe nomaleko wesibini wethayile ye-asphalt, kwaye umphetho ongezantsi wethayile ye-asphalt kufuneka uhlanjululwe ngesiphelo esiphezulu sendawo yokuhombisa yomaleko wesibini wethayile ye-asphalt. Emva koko, yonke ithayile ye-asphalt ibekwa phantsi ngokulandelelana. Musa ukukrazula isitywino seplastiki emva kweethayile. Isitywino seplastiki sisetyenziselwa kuphela ukupakisha ukuthintela ukunamathelana phakathi kweethayile. Umthunzi obangelwa kukwahluka kombala kuyilo lwethayile ngokwayo. Ithayile ngokwayo ine-self-adhesive, ukuze ithayile incanyathiselwe ngokwendalo phantsi kwelanga emva kokugawulwa.