The colorful shingles na kwaltadaga rufin katako na gargajiya na Amurka, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a Amurka kusan shekaru ɗari. Domin kwalta rufin shingles yana da fadi da kewayon aikace-aikace, tattalin arziki, muhalli kariya, da kuma na halitta texture da sauran abũbuwan amfãni, sabõda haka kamar yadda ya zama mafi sauri girma rufi kayan, da mafi yadu amfani da kayayyakin, ga style da kuma ci gaban da farar hula gine ya taka leda. muhimmiyar rawa.

Adana da sufuri

1. Ajiye a wuri mai sanyi, bushe da iska, kuma yanayin zafin jiki ba zai zama sama da 40 ℃ ba. Ka guji iska, rana da ruwan sama.

2. Harkokin sufuri na nisa ya kamata ya kula da kariyar samfurin, kauce wa daskarewa, daukan hotuna zuwa rana, ruwan sama.

3. Wannan samfurin ya zo tare da pallet na katako (wanda abokin ciniki ya keɓance shi). Da fatan za a sanya fale-falen a kan pallet daidai lokacin sufuri da wurin gini.

4. Kada ku lalata ƙarshen duka biyu da ƙasa na tayal yayin jigilar forklift.

5 loading na hannu da saukewa, yakamata su kama tsakiyar tayal, maimakon kusurwa, don hana lalacewar tayal ta abubuwa masu wuya.

Biyu, buƙatun fasaha

Rufin Rufin: Hongxia za a iya amfani da fale-falen kwalta masu launi zuwa digiri 20-90 na rufin gangara;

Iyakar aikace-aikace da ainihin buƙatun

1. Rufin katako

(1) Rufin plywood - kauri fiye da 10mm.

(2) OSB farantin (OSB farantin) - kauri fiye da 12mm.

(3) Busassun itace na al'ada - kauri fiye da 26mm.

(4) Tazarar faranti tsakanin 3-6mm.

2. Rufin kankara

(1) Turmi Siminti bai gaza 325 ba.

(2) Ya kamata a yi amfani da yashi matsakaici ko yashi, tare da abun cikin laka ƙasa da 3%.

(3) Mix rabo 1: 3 (ciminti, yashi) - girma rabo.

(4) Kauri na matakin matakin shine 30mm.

(5) Kuskuren flatness na matakin matakin bai wuce 5mm ba lokacin da mai mulkin 2m ya gano.

(6) Matsakaicin matakin ya kamata ya kasance da ƙarfi, ba tare da sassautawa ba, harsashi, juyawa yashi da sauran abubuwan mamaki.

4. Brush da sanyi tushe mai

Rufe mai tushe mai sanyi zai iya gyara rufin rufin da ke iyo slurry, tsaftace rufin, kuma yana iya taka rawa wajen kare tushe da tayal. Besmear goga zuwa bakin ciki da uniform, dole ne ba shi da komai, rami, kumfa. Lokacin shafa ya kamata ya kasance kwanaki 1-2 kafin a sanya fale-falen fale-falen kwalta masu launi, don haka layin mai ya bushe kuma bai gurbata da ƙura ba.

5. Manne mai rufewa da kai

Bakan gizo mai haske mai launin tile na kwalta yana da layin haɗin da aka katse. Bayan kafuwa, saboda zafin hasken rana, daɗaɗɗen Layer zai shiga cikin wasa sannu a hankali, yana ɗaure saman sama da ƙananan yadudduka na shingle na kwalta mai launi gaba ɗaya. A bayan kowane tayal ɗin kwalta mai launi akwai ɗigon fim ɗin filastik. Wannan tsiri na filastik baya buƙatar cirewa yayin gini.

6. A farce

Ana amfani da ƙusoshi lokacin gyara ƙullun kwalta zuwa rufin. A diamita na ƙusa hula ba kasa da 9.5㎜, da kuma tsawon ba kasa da 20㎜. Bugu da ƙari, ɓangaren ƙusa da aka fallasa ya kamata a jera shi tare da saman tayal, kuma kada a yi ƙusa da yawa a cikin tayal. Kowane tayal yana buƙatar ƙusoshi 4-6, daidai da rarraba.

7. Kayan aikin da kuke buƙata

Mai mulki, mai yankan akwati, guduma, kayan aikin bazara. Ya kamata ma'aikatan ginin su sa takalman yadi ko takalman roba.

Uku, ginin

1. Layin roba

Na farko, don daidaitawa cikin sauƙi, kunna wasu fararen layi a kan tushe. Ya kamata a buga layin farar kwance na farko a kasan 333 mm daga farkon Layer na tayal kwalta mai launi, sannan tazara tsakanin kowane layin da ke ƙasa shine 143㎜. Ya kamata saman kowane nau'in shingle na kwalta mai launi ya dace da layin alli da ake kunnawa.

Hakanan don daidaitawa a tsaye, daga kan tudu zuwa ga eaves, gudanar da layi tare da eaves na gable a saman tayal mai launi na farko kusa da gefen gable, sabanin farkon yanke tile mai launi mai yawa. Sannan kowane layin da ke ƙasa an raba shi da nisan mm 167 ta yadda za a iya amfani da farar layukan don tabbatar da cewa an daidaita sassan ƙullun kwalta masu launuka iri-iri.

2. Shigar da farkon Layer

An shimfiɗa Layer na farko kai tsaye a kan rufin rufin tare da gangaren rufin. Yana kare rufin ta hanyar cike gibin da ke ƙasa da yanke na farkon Layer na shingles na asphalt shingles da kuma ƙasa da haɗin gwiwa na farkon Layer na shingles.

An yanke farkon Layer na shingles na kwalta masu launuka iri-iri tare da sabbin shingles masu launin kwalta zuwa tsaunin aƙalla rabin faɗin. Ya kamata Layer na farko ya rufe cornice kuma ya cire wuce haddi. An shimfiɗa Layer na farko na shingles na kwalta mai launuka iri-iri daga gefen ko dai gable a kowace hanya. Ya kamata a cire Layer na farko da 167mm sannan a fadada shi da kusan 10-15mm. Gyara kowane ƙarshen Layer na farko tare da ƙusa, sa'an nan kuma sanya kusoshi hudu a tsaye a tsakanin kusoshi biyu. Lura cewa ƙusoshi kada su huda Layer bonding.

3. Kwanciya na farko na tiles na kwalta masu launi

Tile ɗin yana juyewa tare da gefen farkon Layer na tayal kwalta mai launuka iri-iri. Shingles na kwalta masu launuka iri-iri za a haɗa su da kyau amma ba za a fidda su ba. Za a ɗora shingles na kwalta masu launuka iri-iri a jere da fara da duka takardar. Aminta matakin farko na kwalta mai launi daban-daban tare da gefuna gable da cornice, tabbatar da shingles masu launuka iri-iri kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama.

4. Kwantar da fale-falen kwalta masu launi sama da Layer na biyu

Za a jera shi tare da fallasa layin rarrabuwar kawuna masu launuka iri-iri da aka shimfida a ƙasa. Sa'an nan kuma a shimfiɗa tile ɗin kwalta mai launi gaba ɗaya a kwance, ta yadda za a iya fallasa tile ɗin kwalta kala-kala da aka ɗora a baya zuwa kusan mm 143, sannan a buga farar layin don yin tile ɗin kwalta mai launi daidai da cornice.

Tile na farko na Layer na biyu na shingles na kwalta mai launuka iri-iri za a yi tagulla 167mm tare da gefen shingles na gaba. Hanyar gyara kasan Layer na biyu na tile na kwalta kala-kala ita ce a dage damtse tarkacen kwalta kala-kala, sannan a datse bangaren gefen gable, sannan a ci gaba da shimfida dukkan fale-falen kwalta kala-kala a kwance bi da bi. . Sannan bi matakan shigarwa na sama Layer by Layer.

5. Shigar da tudu

Dutsen shi ne saman mahadar rufaffiyar tudu guda biyu, wanda ke rufe mahadar tile-falen kwalta mai gangara guda biyu baya sanya ruwan sama ya shiga cikin kasan gangaren shi ne babban aikin tile na tudu, layin tudu da dutsen ya yi. cinyar tile layin ado ne bayyananne kuma kyakkyawa na gangare. Cin duri da cinyar fale-falen fale-falen iri ɗaya ne, akwai gangaren gangare, tile ɗin tudu tun daga ƙasan gangaren zuwa saman gangaren, a shimfiɗa ƙugiyar da ke kwance zuwa ga iska da ruwan sama. , ta yadda za a yi mu'amalar cinya a cikin iska. Tsakanin layin da ke tsaye na tile ɗin tudu yana daidaitawa tare da ƙugiya, kuma ana kiyaye fale-falen kwalta na gangara guda biyu don samar da Angle na tudu, sannan an gyara ƙusa na ƙarfe a bangarorin biyu kuma manne kwalta zai manne gefen da kyau.

Ana yanke shingles na ƙugiya daga Layer guda ɗaya na shingles na kwalta guda uku, kowane Layer guda ɗaya na shingles na kwalta za a iya yanke shi zuwa shingles na tudu uku. Bangaren cinya na kowane tayal na tudu an yanke shi kaɗan don hana haɗin gwiwa daga fallasa, wanda zai iya sa tasirin injiniya ya fi tasiri.

7. Shigar da ambaliya

Bayan sanya shingles na kwalta kala-kala, fara shimfida ruwa a kusa da bututun hayaki, magudanar ruwa, da sauran wuraren bude rufin.

Ambaliyar ruwa wani tsari ne na musamman da aka yi amfani da shi don inganta yanayin da ba zai yuwu ba na ɓangaren rufin. A gaskiya ma, ambaliya yana da mahimmancin tsarin rufin. Saboda haka, ambaliya ya zama dole ga duk wuraren rufin da gangara biyu suka hadu, inda rufin ya hadu da bangon tsaye, irin su bututun hayaki, fitowar rufin iska. Ana amfani da ambaliya don jagorantar ruwa akan haɗin gwiwa maimakon barin shi cikin haɗin gwiwa.

Ambaliyar ruwa a magudanar ruwa

Superposition ambaliya gabaɗaya an yi ta da galvanized baƙin ƙarfe takardar da tsawon 300mm, a nisa na 300mm da kauri na 0.45mm, ko makamancin haka da karfa kayan da ba canza launi. Hakanan za'a iya yanke shi daga kayan da aka naɗe ko tayal kwalta. Ya kamata a lanƙwasa waɗannan takalmi a kan ginshiƙan rufin

100mm, shagon tsaye liƙa akan bango 200mm. Za a kwanta da ambaliya tare da tudu, tare da kowace ambaliya ta lulluɓe da fallasa wani ɓangaren kwalta mai launuka iri-iri, kuma ambaliya ta kiyaye a gefen. Ƙashe kusurwar sama na gefen ambaliya zuwa rufin rufin. Sa'an nan shigar da m kwalta shingles, kuma ga tsawo zuwa ga ruwa gefe na m kwalta shingles ba zai iya zama kusoshi, amma tare da kwalta m gyarawa.

Ambaliyar ruwa a bakin bututu

Ajiye shingles masu ban sha'awa a rufin da kewayen bututun ƙarfe. An gyara tayal da rufin tare da manne kwalta. Za a shigar da farantin haɗin ambaliya kafin a ɗora shingles masu launi daban-daban a gefen bututu. Za a sanya shingles masu launi masu launi da ke ƙasa da bututun a ƙarƙashin farantin haɗin gwiwa, kuma za a shimfiɗa shingles masu launi a saman bututun a kan farantin haɗin.

Hakanan zaka iya siyan ambaliyar bututun da aka riga aka kera daga kasuwar kayan gini. Tufafin bututun da aka riga aka tsara yana da arha kuma mai sauƙin shigarwa

Hudu, ginin hunturu

A karkashin yanayi na al'ada, a ƙarƙashin yanayin ƙasa da 5 ℃, bai dace da gina fale-falen kwalta ba. Idan ginin ya zama dole, yi ayyuka masu zuwa:

1. Winter kwalta tayal ya kamata a adana 48 hours gaba a cikin wani na cikin gida ajiya tare da zazzabi sama da 5 ℃ kafin gina. Don amfani yayin ginin, kowane tayal da aka cire za a kammala shi a cikin sa'o'i biyu na ginin, kuma a ɗauka kamar yadda ake buƙata.

2. Tile na kwalta na hunturu ya fi raguwa, don haka wajibi ne a kula da kulawa ta musamman, kuma an haramta shi sosai don ɗaukarwa da bugun.

3. A cikin ginin hunturu, saboda yanayin zafi ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa, tsiri mai ɗaukar hoto na kansa ba zai iya haifar da sakamako ba, saboda haka, dole ne a yi amfani da manne kwalta don taimakawa ginin. Lura: wannan manne ya kamata a shafa a kowane yanki na tile na kwalta.

Biyar, tsaftacewa da kulawa bayan ginawa

Bayan kammala duk ginin tayal, da fatan za a tsaftace kayan da aka ɓalle da jakunkuna na samfur da sauran abubuwan da suka dace cikin lokaci, kuma a duba rufin sosai. Lura: bayan shigar da fale-falen kwalta, don Allah kar a taka, kuma ku guje wa shafa, siminti da sauran kayan don haifar da gurɓataccen tiles na kwalta.

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