Zokongolamatailosi a phulayasinthidwa kuchokera ku matailosi a denga achikhalidwe aku America, omwe akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ku United States kwa zaka pafupifupi zana. Chifukwa matailosi a denga la phula ali ndi ntchito zambiri, zachuma, chitetezo cha chilengedwe, kapangidwe kachilengedwe ndi zabwino zina, kotero kuti akhale zinthu zokulirapo kwambiri padenga, zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, mpaka kalembedwe ndi chitukuko cha zomangamanga zachitukuko chakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri.

Kusunga ndi mayendedwe

1. Sungani pamalo ozizira, ouma komanso opumira mpweya, ndipo kutentha kwa malo ozungulira sikuyenera kupitirira 40℃. Pewani mphepo, dzuwa ndi mvula.

2. Mayendedwe akutali ayenera kusamala ndi chitetezo cha zinthu, kupewa kuzizira, kukhudzana ndi dzuwa, mvula.

3. Katunduyu amabwera ndi mphasa yamatabwa (yokonzedwa ndi kasitomala). Chonde ikani matailosi pa mphasa moyenera panthawi yonyamula ndi kumanga.

4. Musawononge malekezero onse awiri ndi pansi pa thailo panthawi yonyamula forklift.

5 kukweza ndi kutsitsa pamanja, kuyenera kugwira pakati pa thailo, osati ngodya, kuti zisawononge m'mphepete mwa thailo ndi zinthu zolimba.

Chachiwiri, zofunikira zaukadaulo

Denga lotsetsereka: Matailosi a phula okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ku Hongxia angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa denga lotsetsereka lokhala ndi madigiri 20-90;

Kukula kwa ntchito ndi zofunikira zoyambira

1. Denga lamatabwa

(1) Denga la plywood - makulidwe opitilira 10mm.

(2) mbale ya OSB (mbale ya OSB) - makulidwe opitilira 12mm.

(3) Matabwa ouma wamba - makulidwe opitilira 26mm.

(4) Mpata pakati pa mbale ndi 3-6mm.

2. Denga la konkire

(1) Simenti yopaka simenti yosachepera 325.

(2) Mchenga wapakati kapena wokhuthala uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, wokhala ndi matope osakwana 3%.

(3) Chiŵerengero cha kusakaniza 1:3 (simenti, mchenga) - chiŵerengero cha voliyumu.

(4) Kukhuthala kwa gawo lolinganiza ndi 30mm.

(5) Cholakwika cha flatness cha leveling layer sichiposa 5mm chikapezeka ndi 2m ruler.

(6) Gawo lolinganiza liyenera kukhala lolimba, popanda kumasula, chipolopolo, kutembenuza mchenga ndi zochitika zina.

4. Pakani mafuta ozizira oyambira

Mafuta ozizira ophikira pansi amatha kukonza denga loyandama, kuyeretsa denga, komanso kungathandize kuteteza maziko ndi matailosi. Burashi ya Besmear kuti ikhale yopyapyala komanso yofanana, isakhale yopanda kanthu, yopanda mabowo, kapena thovu. Nthawi yophikira iyenera kukhala masiku 1-2 musanayambe kuyika matailosi a phula okongola, kuti mafutawo akhale ouma komanso osadetsedwa ndi fumbi.

5. Guluu wodzitsekera

Matailosi a asphalt okhala ndi utoto wa Rainbow glow ali ndi gawo losasinthika la bond. Pambuyo poyika, chifukwa cha kutentha kwa dzuwa, gawo logwirizanitsa lidzayamba kugwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono, ndikulumikiza zigawo zapamwamba ndi zapansi za matailosi a asphalt kukhala zonse. Kumbuyo kwa matailosi aliwonse a asphalt okhala ndi utoto wamitundu yosiyanasiyana pali mzere wa filimu yapulasitiki yowonekera. Mzere uwu wa pulasitiki suyenera kuchotsedwa panthawi yomanga.

6. Msomali

Misomali imagwiritsidwa ntchito pomangirira matailosi a phula padenga. M'mimba mwake wa chivundikiro cha msomali si wochepera 9.5㎜, ndipo kutalika si wochepera 20㎜. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo lowonekera la msomali liyenera kukhala losalala ndi pamwamba pa matailosi, ndipo msomali suyenera kumenyedwa kwambiri mu matailosi. Tailosi iliyonse imafunika misomali 4-6, yogawidwa mofanana.

7. Zida zomwe mukufuna

Rula, chodulira bokosi, nyundo, chida cha sipiringi. Ogwira ntchito yomanga ayenera kuvala nsapato za nsalu yosalala kapena nsapato za rabara.

Chachitatu, kapangidwe kake

1. Mzere wotanuka

Choyamba, kuti muzitha kuyika bwino, sewerani mizere yoyera pansi. Mzere woyamba woyera wopingasa uyenera kuseweredwa pansi pa 333 mm kuchokera pa wosanjikiza woyamba wa matailosi a phula, kenako pakati pa mzere uliwonse pansipa ndi 143㎜. Pamwamba pa wosanjikiza uliwonse wa matailosi a phula amitundu yosiyanasiyana uyenera kufanana ndi mzere wa choko womwe ukuseweredwa.

Kuti muyike mzere molunjika, kuchokera pamwamba pa phiri kupita ku makoma, yendetsani mzere m'mbali mwa makoma a gable pamwamba pa thailo loyamba la mitundu yosiyanasiyana pafupi ndi m'mphepete mwa gable, moyang'anizana ndi kudula koyamba kwa thailo la mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mzere uliwonse womwe uli pansipa umayikidwa pakati pa 167mm kuti mizere yoyera igwiritsidwe ntchito kuonetsetsa kuti kudula kwa ma shingles a asphalt amitundu yosiyanasiyana kuli kolunjika.

2. Ikani gawo loyambira

Gawo loyamba limayikidwa mwachindunji padenga m'mphepete mwa denga. Limateteza denga podzaza mpata pansi pa kudula kwa gawo loyamba la ma shingles a asphalt okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso pansi pa cholumikizira cha gawo loyamba la ma shingles a asphalt okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Gawo loyamba la ma shingles a asphalt okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana limadulidwa ndi ma shingles atsopano a asphalt okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana m'mizere yochepera theka la m'lifupi. Gawo loyamba liyenera kuphimba cornice ndikuchotsa zowonjezera. Gawo loyamba la ma shingles a asphalt okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana limayikidwa kuchokera m'mphepete mwa gable iliyonse mbali iliyonse. Gawo loyamba loyamba liyenera kuchotsedwa ndi 167mm kenako ndikukulitsidwa ndi pafupifupi 10-15mm. Konzani mbali iliyonse ya gawo loyamba ndi msomali, kenako ikani misomali inayi molunjika pakati pa misomali iwiri. Dziwani kuti misomali siyenera kuboola gawo lomangirira.

3. Kuyika matailosi a phula okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana

Matailosiwo ndi osalala ndi m'mphepete mwa thailosi yoyambirira ya thailosi ya asphalt yamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Matailosi a asphalt amitundu yosiyanasiyana ayenera kulumikizidwa bwino koma osatuluka pakati pawo. Matailosi a asphalt amitundu yosiyanasiyana ayenera kuyikidwa motsatizana kuyambira ndi pepala lonse. Mangani thailosi yoyamba ya thailosi yamitundu yosiyanasiyana m'mphepete mwa gable ndi cornice, ndikumangirira matailosi a asphalt amitundu yosiyanasiyana monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.

4. Kuyika matailosi a phula okongola pamwamba pa gawo lachiwiri

Iyenera kukhala yosalala ndi mzere wogawanitsa wa matailosi a phula amitundu yosiyanasiyana omwe ali pansi pake. Kenako matailosi onse a phula amayikidwa mopingasa, kotero kuti matailosi a phula amitundu yosiyanasiyana omwe adayikidwa kale adzawonekera pafupifupi 143mm, ndipo mzere woyera umaseweredwa kuti matailosi a phula amitundu yosiyanasiyana agwirizane ndi chimanga.

Matailosi oyamba a gawo lachiwiri la matailosi a phula amitundu yosiyanasiyana ayenera kuzunguliridwa ndi 167mm ndi m'mphepete mwa matailosi a phula akutsogolo. Njira yomangira gawo la pansi la gawo lachiwiri la matailosi a phula amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndikumangirira matailosi a phula amitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndikudula gawo lowonjezera la m'mphepete mwa gable, ndipo matailosi onse a phula amitundu yosiyanasiyana amapitilira kuyikidwa mopingasa motsatizana. Kenako tsatirani njira zoyikira pamwambapa gawo ndi gawo.

5. Kukhazikitsa phiri

Mphepete mwa phiri ndi pamwamba pa malo olumikizirana denga la mapiri awiri, kuphimba malo olumikizirana matailosi awiri a phula sikupangitsa mvula kulowa ndi kulowa pansi pa phiri ndi ntchito yayikulu ya matailosi a phiri, mzere wa phiri wopangidwa ndi phiri la phula ndi mzere wokongola komanso wowoneka bwino wokongoletsa phirilo. Mphepete mwa matailosi a phiri ndi mphepete mwa matailosi a pamwamba ndi chimodzimodzi, pali phiri lotsetsereka, phiri la phula kuyambira pansi pa phirilo mpaka pamwamba pa phirilo, phiri lopingasa liyenera kukonzedwa molunjika ku mphepo ndi mvula, kuti phirilo ligwirizane ndi mphepo. Mzere wautali wa phiri la phula umagwirizana ndi phirilo, ndipo matailosi awiri a phula otsetsereka amamangidwa kuti apange ngodya ya phirilo, kenako msomali wachitsulo umakhazikika mbali zonse ziwiri ndipo guluu wa phula udzamamatira m'mphepete mwamphamvu.

Ma shingles a m'mphepete mwa nyanja amadulidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo chimodzi cha phula la zidutswa zitatu, chitsulo chilichonse cha phula la m'mphepete mwa nyanja chimadulidwa kukhala chitsulo cha phula la m'mphepete mwa nyanja zitatu. Gawo la m'mphepete mwa phula lililonse la m'mphepete mwa nyanja limadulidwa pang'ono kuti cholumikizira cha m'mphepete chisawonekere, zomwe zingapangitse kuti mphamvu yaukadaulo ikhale yogwira mtima kwambiri.

7. Kukhazikitsa madzi osefukira

Mukayika matailosi a phula okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yambani kuyika madzi mozungulira chimney, ma ventilation, ndi malo ena otseguka padenga.

Kusefukira kwa madzi ndi nyumba yapadera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mphamvu ya gawo lotayikira la denga kuti lisagwere mvula. Ndipotu, kusefukira kwa madzi ndi nyumba yofunika kwambiri padenga. Chifukwa chake, kusefukira kwa madzi ndikofunikira m'malo onse a denga komwe mapiri awiri amakumana, komwe denga limakumana ndi khoma loyima, monga chimney, kutuluka kwa mpweya wotuluka padenga. Kusefukira kwa madzi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsogolera madzi kudutsa cholumikizira m'malo molola kuti alowe m'cholumikizira.

Kusefukira kwa madzi m'malo otulukira mpweya

Madzi osefukira nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi pepala lachitsulo lokhala ndi galvanized lotalika 300mm, m'lifupi 300mm ndi makulidwe a 0.45mm, kapena zinthu zina zofanana ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Ikhozanso kudulidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zopota kapena matailosi a phula. Mapaipi awa ayenera kupindika pamwamba pa madenga.

100mm, choyimirira chomata pakhoma 200mm. Madzi osefukira ayenera kuyikidwa m'mbali mwa phiri, ndipo kusefukira kulikonse kudzaphimbidwa ndi gawo lowonekera la phula lamitundu yambiri, ndipo kusefukirako kudzakhazikika m'mphepete. Ikani ngodya yapamwamba ya m'mphepete mwa kusefukira ku denga. Kenako ikani phula la phula lamitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo kuti muwonjezere mbali yamadzi ya phula lamitundu yosiyanasiyana, misomali siyenera kukhala yokhazikika, koma yokhala ndi guluu wa phula.

Kusefukira kwa madzi pakamwa pa chitoliro

Ikani matailosi a phula okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana padenga ndi mozungulira nozzle. Matailosi ndi denga zimangiriridwa ndi guluu wa phula. Mbale yolumikizira madzi osefukira iyenera kuyikidwa musanayike matailosi a phula okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana m'mphepete mwa chitoliro. Matailosi a phula okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana pansi pa chitoliro ayenera kuyikidwa pansi pa mbale yolumikizira, ndipo matailosi a phula okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana pamwamba pa chitoliro ayenera kuyikidwa pa mbale yolumikizira.

Mukhozanso kugula mapaipi okonzedwa kale pamsika wa zipangizo zomangira. Kusefukira kwa mapaipi okonzedwa kale ndi kotsika mtengo komanso kosavuta kuyika.

Zinayi, zomangamanga m'nyengo yozizira

Nthawi zonse, kutentha kwake kuli kochepera 5℃, sikoyenera kupangira matailosi a phula. Ngati pakufunika kumangidwa, chitani izi:

1. Matailosi a phula a m'nyengo yozizira ayenera kusungidwa maola 48 pasadakhale m'chipinda chosungiramo zinthu mkati chomwe kutentha kwake kuli pamwamba pa 5℃ chisanamangidwe. Kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito panthawi yomanga, matailosi aliwonse ochotsedwa ayenera kumalizidwa mkati mwa maola awiri kuchokera pamene ntchito yomanga inayamba, ndipo ayenera kutengedwa ngati pakufunika kutero.

2. Matailosi a phula m'nyengo yozizira ndi ofooka kwambiri, choncho ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa kwambiri momwe amagwirira ntchito pamanja, ndipo ndi oletsedwa kunyamula ndi kumenya.

3. Mu nthawi yozizira yomanga, chifukwa kutentha kumakhala kotsika kwambiri, mzere wodzitsekera wodzitsekera sungathe kupanga mphamvu, chifukwa chake, guluu wa phula uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga. Dziwani: guluu uwu uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa chidutswa chilichonse cha matailosi a phula.

Zisanu, kuyeretsa ndi kukonza pambuyo pa zomangamanga

Mukamaliza kumanga matailosi onse, chonde yeretsani zinthu zosweka ndi matumba a zinthu ndi zinthu zina nthawi yake, ndipo yang'anani bwino denga. Dziwani: mukayika matailosi a phula, chonde musaponde, ndipo pewani kuphimba, simenti ndi zinthu zina kuti ziwononge matailosi a phula.

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